Semantic Shifts During
the Industrial Revolution

"The Industrial Revolution created a social shift towards an individualistic, corporate mentality where value is determined by output, and this shift will be reflected in the semantic shifts of words like "order/class", "boss", "job", and "work".

1) Do the semantic shifts of these words align chronologically with key events of the Industrial Revolution?
2) If semantic shifts align with key events of the Industrial Revolution, what do their new meanings indicate about the cultural shifts that took place during the Industrial Revolution?
1) Language is not static
2) Meaning is socially constructed
3) Culture influences language use
4) Language holds cultural information
1) Decided on a manageable word list
  • Selected words with modern meanings tied to labor and socio-economic life.
2) Search the Oxford English Dictionary for attestations (~1750–1908)
  • Used the OED as the primary source for historical definitions and dated attestations.
3) Align attestations with key moments of the Industrial Revolution
  • Plotted semantic shifts on a timeline alongside identified historical events.
  • Tested whether changes in meaning correlate chronologically with the timeline of the Industrial Revolution
1) The OED does not provide an exhaustive list of attestation, but instead aims to provide examples of subtle semantic shifts.
2) The goal for this project was to see where major periods of semantic shifts for words took place.